An HS code is the numerical classification of a product used by customs. The Harmonized System is international up to six digits; each country adds more digits. In Türkiye the full code, called GTİP, has twelve digits.
What is an HS code?
The Harmonized System is a global product nomenclature. Countries using it share the first six digits, so the same product starts with the same six digits almost everywhere. Each country then adds its own digits for tariff and statistical purposes. In Türkiye the complete twelve-digit code is called GTİP.
How do you find the right code?
Start from what the product is, what it is made of and what it is used for. Move from the broad chapter to the heading and then to the subheading, reading the explanatory notes at each step. Similar products can fall into different codes depending on material or function, so do not choose a code only because it sounds close.
If you are unsure, you can ask the customs authority for a binding tariff information decision before you ship, so the classification is clear in advance.
What happens with a wrong code?
The code determines the duty rate and which trade measures or documents apply. A wrong code can mean the wrong tax amount, extra payments afterwards, administrative penalties, and delays when customs questions the declaration at either end of the shipment.
Practical tips
The code affects not only customs procedures but also the duty rate in the destination country, the use of free trade agreements and the permits or documents required. It is safer to settle the classification at the pricing stage than on the day of shipment.
Use the same code in your invoice, packing list and declaration. Keep product descriptions and technical sheets on file, and review the code when the product or the tariff list changes. Confirm with your customs broker before applying a code.